SE Ranking's analysis of 300,000 domains found limited evidence that LLMs.txt files materially affect AI citation rates.

Research of 1,650 responses found AI systems recommend different brands depending on which language a query is posed in.

Search Engine Journal tested 122 Shopify stores and found that most fail basic agent queries about shipping, pickup, and returns despite being marked agent-ready by default.

SAP's customer loyalty research finds AI increases brand loyalty for 31% of consumers but drives 30% away, with 60% preferring shared human-AI control over full automation.

Semrush analysis reveals UK brands rank lower in ChatGPT citations than equivalent US retailers, suggesting different AI visibility patterns between markets.